(CA) is a deliberate pattern of behaviour aimed at damaging the reputation – social image of a person’s character or competency.
Reasonably well documented, particularly in the areas of political science and history. Limited robust scientific research though.
CA is important to examine as it is a form of bullying and psychologically distressing for the target. It is also costly to third party agencies, and simply put it is wrong.
Drivers:
Drivers to CA can be distilled under four broad dimensions:
- Power-greed: undermined someone in order to obtain a position or asset they hold.
- Revenge: payback for a past wrong.
- Ideology: undermine the person for the idea or group they represent.
- Self protection: discredit someone that could expose wrongs.
Indications of CA:
- The agent has existing conflict with the target
- The is no clear finding of any statutorily defined wrongdoing.
- Third party agencies and services have become involved that had no prior contact with the target.
- The cost of the investigations is more prolonged than typical and costs are excessive compared to any finding made against the target.
